腹壁可触及肿物的成像鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 凹尿管肾脏A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )凹尿管肾脏见诸凹和膀胱之间，不一定座落在凹尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见诸仅座落在凹下。这些肾脏可展现为完全无Echo或偏高Echo。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 三幅11A，凹尿管肾脏，此肾脏已受感染，之外含有微弱Echo的液体。B，凹尿管肾脏，紧张状态的肾脏前壁产生反射伪影。

..Endometriosis胎盘小肠甲状腺肿Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).十二指肠胎盘小肠甲状腺肿是胎盘动手术后的长期合并症，无特殊展现，但可于以前动手术的瘢痕一处见一大面积肿物，并有周期适度的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 三幅12 ，剖宫产伤疤一处胎盘小肠甲状腺肿

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 十二指肠血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).背直肌鞘血肿可发生于发烧适度咳嗽后、小便或高血压发烧后，其根本原因不一定是抗凝病患或出血适度疾病。由于血肿限制于背直肌鞘内，不一定不很大，其大小根据所一处位置而定，在弓状两条路线以上，血肿常为球形，公转周期呈上下朝著，可于中间见到（三幅13A）；在弓状两条路线一般而言，由于背白两条路线缺如，可延展横过中两条路线，因此血肿展现为分叶状，其仅有间距座落在横轴上。在新生儿十二指肠血肿可见诸凹上横向延展（三幅13B、C）。术后弥散适度肺部内肾脏的医护人员可于十二指肠动手术瘢痕附近见到大的血肿（三幅13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 三幅13A，一中年妇女炽热咳嗽后背直肌鞘血肿，箭头指示背横静脉。B，新生儿十二指肠血肿。C，一新生儿凹冠状动脉包覆一处下面的十二指肠血肿。UV，凹冠状动脉。D，一弥散适度肺部内肾脏的剖宫产术后医护人员疤痕一处十二指肠血肿。

分页: [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] 撰稿人： 张靖